The Effect of Taekwondo Training on Aerobic Capacity, MVO2, ST Slope and QRS Duration / 체질인류학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of taekwondo training on VO2max, MVO2 and electrocardiogram ST slope, QRS duration in college woman. Subject were divided into two groups, one is taekwondo group (n=11) and the other is control group (n=10). They participated in graded exercise test (Balke protocol) and measured aerobic capacity and electrocardiogram. The aerobic capacity (VO2max and AT) was measured by autogas analyser. The resting and exercise rate-pressure product (RPP) could be measured with HR and systolic BP for MVO2 measurement. The electrocardiogram ST slope, QRS duration was calculated using automated software program (QMC). The measured data were analyzed by using paired t -test. The results of this study were as follows : There was a significant difference of VO2max and AT between taekwondo group and control group. VO2max of taekwondo group was 4~5 mL/kg/min higher than control group (p<0.01) and AT also taekwondo group was 3.4% higher than control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference of maximal exercise MVO2 between taekwondo and control group. There was no significant difference of electrocardiogram ST slope between group but rest QRS duration in taekwondo group was longer than the control group (p<0.01). Conclusively, these data suggest that regular taekwondo training will strengthen on aerobic capacity and resting slow heart beats.

Pseudomembranous Colitis after Gastrointestinal Operation

PURPOSE: The risk factors of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) are well known. However, there have been no studies of PMC after gastrointestinal operation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors and to establish the guiding principles for PMC after gastrointestinal operation. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 39 PMC patients after gastrointestinal operation from January 2004 to December 2008. A control group of one hundred and seventeen matched to a PMC group by date of operation was chosen in a random fashion. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative factors of PMC were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of PMC after gastrointestinal operation was 0.63%. On univariate analysis, among preoperative factors, albumin, PT-INR and neutropenia were significant risk factors for PMC. There was no difference in the operative factors. Among postoperative factors, duration of cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, H2 blocker administration were significant risk factors for PMC after gastrointestinal operation. And transfusion, duration of NPO, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and postoperative intraabddominal abscess, pneumonia were also significant risk factors. On multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for PMC after gastrointestinal operation were duration of aminoglycoside administration, transfusion volume and length of stay in ICU. When period of study was divided by three months, incidence of PMC at a specific period was high. After limiting of prophylactic antibiotics, incidence of PMC fell to 0.36%. CONCLUSION: To prevent PMC after gastrointestinal operation, we need sustained efforts to establish stricter guidelines about prophylactic antibiotics and transfusion, and to minimize length of stay in ICU.

Influences on Biochemical Parameters or Cardiac Structure and Function of Serum Total Homocysteine Concentration in Athletes / 체질인류학회지

The objective of this study was to compare the difference in serum total homocysteine (tHcy) concentration between controls and athletes, and examine its influence on biochemical parameters or cardiac structure and function of our study participants. Biochemical assay including serum tHcy and folic acid concentration were performed by automatic analyzer, and analyses on cardiac structure and function of study participants carried out by 3D echocardiography, respectively. There were significant positive correlation between serum tHcy and biochemical parameters such as serum creatinine and uric acid concentration in athletes, while there were significant positive correlation between serum tHcy and echocardiographic parameter such as FS (%) value in controls (p..05). In conclusion, our data suggest that the interaction between serum tHcy concentration and clinical parameters in athletes might be at least in part controlled by the difference way with controls. Further studies using larger sample size will be necessary to clarify the precise mechanism behind these interactions.

Effects of Iron Supplementation on Iron Status and Immunity Status of Elite Female Soccer Players

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of iron supplement for 4 weeks on iron status, immunity, and antioxidant status of national female soccer players (n = 25). This study was performed at summer hard training period right before competition. A single blind design was used to divide the subjects into iron-supplement (IS) or placebo group (P). Iron-supplement group was supplemented with iron (40 mg/d) for 4 weeks. The mean age of the subjects was 23.3 +/- 2.5 years old. Mean height and body weight of the subjects were 164.4 +/- 5.7 em and 57.4 +/- 4.6 kg, respectively. The mean carrier as soccer player was 11.0 +/- 2.6 years and mean training time was 7.0 +/- 1.3 hr/day. The mean hemoglobin, hematocrit, total iron binding capacity and ferritin concentrations before iron supplementation were not different between two groups. After 4 weeks of summer training and iron supplementation, serum ferritin level was significantly increased only in IS group after supplementation. Mean corpuscular volume and total iron binding capacity were significantly decreased in both groups. Meanwhile, hemoglobin and red blood cell count were significantly lowered only in placebo group. The IgM concentration increased significantly in both groups, but IgG concentration had increasing tendency only in IS group (p<0.064). Therefore, iron supplementation during hard training period may be helpful to improve work capacity of the athletes by improving ferritin status and humoral immune responses.